5) Unit 78 Task 1
5.
Unit 78:Task 1
Digital Graphic For Computer Games
Artistic styles used in computer games:
Photorealism is a type of art that includes painting, drawing and other graphic media, where the artist studies the photograph and then tries to convert it into an as realistic an image as possible using another media. Depending on a budget, the game's photorealism can either be in a great "Triple-A Game" like state or in any other better or worse state. For example, "Assassin Screed" is a very popular, well made, photorealistic games with a great plot, however, it took a lot of money to create it.
Cel-shading is a type of a *non-photorealistic rendering which is used to convert 3D computer designs into looking more flat-like by adding less color for shadowing instead of using the gradient shadowing. This is also often used to create a more cartoon or comic like looks and/or add a paper-like texture to an object. An example of a cartoon-like game is "Ni no Kuni".
*Non-photorealistic rendering is a computer graphic area that focuses on allowing a wide variety of styles of digital art to be clearly visible.
Abstraction is a process of removing the unneeded or unwanted details and changing it in a certain way so that the idea of an object would look the wanted way but, created for the computers to easier render it.
Exaggeration is the specific style, mostly used in RPGs games as well as in anime and manga, where an artist exaggerates many objects within a game such as weapons - comparing to the character, it becomes large.
For example, here we have an exaggeration of the movements/ positions of a drawn person, how exhausted he is. This way, the maker will be allowed to visually see what it looks like and which positions, in his/her opinion, are best to use in a game or a movie.
Same goes to the body of the character, whether we'd prefer to have the body more round or straight, should it be bigger at the top or bottom of the body. Everything is first tried out through drawings and then used in the final, chosen idea.
Computer games graphics:
Pixel Art: - 2D sprite is a *bitmap graphic that is created to be a part of a larger scene in 2D games. This could be either an image or animated graphics. Artists used to create small images presenting characters or other objects that were to interact with other sprites or, the way their movements were supposed to be displayed while standing, walking or running; through *source coding.
(This technique a great way to create an easy, cheap game that also can be fun and popular, such as Undertale. Undertale is one of the very popular games just because of the options in a game and the whole general, amazing plot.)
*Bitmap is a digital image made out of dots on a matrix. Every dot can correspond to an individual pixel, creating one whole.
*Source coding is simply a "source" of a program that tells, for example, an object, how to function.
-3D isometric sprites are the sprites used either in pixel art or video games where the view is angled in a 45 degree - this way the environment is visible than it'd be in the side view perspective or top-down perspective.
*Concept art is a form of illustration of an idea created for films, games, comics and other media such as those. Usually, in the beginning, the first idea can get changed a few times before choosing which one would be the best to use for the final creation. This way, it's possible to visually see the prevision process by setting up the mood, color pallet or the way the graphic will look - the overall look of the game.
Texture art is a noticeable surface of the work, for example, the surface of the wall or a specific object in a game or a movie. This is an important element of both, 2D and 3D designs as this create the realistic look of the object through its visual, as well as physical, properties.
Background graphic is a background in an animation to 'strengthen' the model or an object, however, this can not be a part of anything like entity, resource or a location.
In-game interface (HUD display) is a mode where the information, such as about the main character's health or items, are visually displayed in the player's view, so the player would feel as if they are really interacting with the game themselves. This also is known as the "head up display".
A very easy example would be "Battlefield". Commonly, it's used in shooting or racing games.Print media art is an art created digitally, that include printing on paper or other paper-like materials. Often used to advertise the games or films.
Pixel is the smallest unit on the computer screen and is represented by a square or a dot (also known as a picture element), they're like basic building blocks, that create a complete image or anything that is on a digital monitor. The quantity of it varies depending on the graphics card and the *resolution of the monitor for example if the displayed resolution is of 1024 x 768, this will be able to produce the maximum of 786,432 pixels.
*Resolution - the number of pixels in an image, often identified by its height and width but also by the total amount of the pixels.
Pixel intensity - the number of pixels for a specific level.
Types of digital graphics
-Raster images are like bitmaps. They are images made out of grids of pixels.
-Vector images is a digital image created out of points, lines, and curves, which means, no matter how much the image will be enlarged, it'll still be smooth, in high quality without blurriness of any kind - unlike when having a designed amount of pixels.
File extensions are characters that make up a complete file name which helps an operating system to detect which program the specific file is linked with on a computer.
Compression can be either lossless or lossy. Lossless compression reduces the bits by eliminating the wasted space that we don't need while transmitting data, however, the information is not lost so it's always possible to go back to it. Lossy compression reduces bits by removing the unneeded or unnecessary information permanently, that's why it's impossible to get it back.
-Even though the image gets compressed and loses some bits, it still looks just as great - with such a small difference in the quality, the change is barely visible.
Image capture is an application program that allows to transmit or upload the image using different technological devices such as a scanner, digital camera or a tablet.
-The scanner is a device which scans the images or objects or anything we need really, as long as it fits into a scanner. It then transforms it into a digital image.
-A digital camera is a device which documents by filming or photographing digitally. Unlike the scanner, which needs an already existing object, the camera creates an original copy of an image.
-A graphics tablet is a device which, once is plugged into a computer or a laptop, allows the user to create an own hand-drawn image or either can be used to trim another image that's on a paper by placing it over the tablet and drawing over it. It can be used, for example, to create a drawn game such as the escape room-like games, or a freeze-frame animation.
Optimizing
-Target image output is a final step in the delivery of an image. The output of an image depends on how much time and effort has been put into it, for it to either work faster or slower. For example, if an image has a lot of pixels, its output is going to be worse, the image will load slower than the image with the lower amount of pixels. The output will also depend on the website it's going to be put on, or just on the work that is created that is suitable for example for a certain size.
-Image bit depth, known as a color depth, is the number of bits that are to demonstrate the colors of a single pixel. The higher the number of bits per pixel the more colors it contains, the higher the quality of an image is.
-Image resolution is the number of pixels an image contains. The higher the number of pixels the higher the quality of an image, however, it is possible to optimize it depending on the size of an image or how zoomed in it's supposed to be. The smaller the image for example on a website, the lower amount of pixels will be needed, the higher the output of it will be.
High-Resolution Low-Resolution
-Image dimension is the size of a digital image, usually measured with pixels, however, sometimes it can be measured with its length and width through centimeters or inches. Depending on the image use, the scale of it might need to be changed. It can be optimized by scaling it down, the less the number of pixels the smaller the image will be.
-Compression can be lossless or lossy. Lossless compression keeps all the work done to an image in a digital program, such as the layers, which means, there is more information kept but can always come back to change the image. The lossy compression removes any unnecessary information, that's why it's much smaller and works faster but, it's then impossible to go back to the image to again work on it.
-File size is how much data the computer file contains, in other words, how much space is consumed.
-File-naming conventions (FNC) is a structure that allows you to name files describing what it contains, or is similar to\the different files. This way it's easy to find the files through the key elements.
-Asset management is a cloud-like storage of images/photos that can all be stored in one place and transferred to another if needed; accessing them via the internet.
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